See sad in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*sadъ",
"4": "",
"5": "plant, garden"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *sadъ (“plant, garden”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "sad"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian sad",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sad",
"3": "",
"4": "orchard"
},
"expansion": "Polish sad (“orchard”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "sad",
"3": "",
"4": "orchard"
},
"expansion": "Czech sad (“orchard”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "сад",
"3": "",
"4": "orchard, garden"
},
"expansion": "Russian сад (sad, “orchard, garden”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "садъ",
"3": "",
"4": "plant, garden"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic садъ (sadŭ, “plant, garden”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Slavic *sadъ (“plant, garden”). Cognate with Upper Sorbian sad, Polish sad (“orchard”), Czech sad (“orchard”), Russian сад (sad, “orchard, garden”), Old Church Slavonic садъ (sadŭ, “plant, garden”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "inflection-table-top",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sad",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"form": "sada",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"form": "sadoju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"form": "sad",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"form": "sadom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"form": "saźe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "sad m inan",
"name": "dsb-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lower Sorbian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 21 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "dsb",
"name": "Fruits",
"orig": "dsb:Fruits",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"fruit (food)"
],
"id": "en-sad-dsb-noun-u1f5lnH1",
"links": [
[
"fruit",
"fruit"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[sat]"
}
],
"word": "sad"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 21 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*sadъ",
"4": "",
"5": "plant, garden"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *sadъ (“plant, garden”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "sad"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian sad",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sad",
"3": "",
"4": "orchard"
},
"expansion": "Polish sad (“orchard”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "sad",
"3": "",
"4": "orchard"
},
"expansion": "Czech sad (“orchard”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "сад",
"3": "",
"4": "orchard, garden"
},
"expansion": "Russian сад (sad, “orchard, garden”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "садъ",
"3": "",
"4": "plant, garden"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic садъ (sadŭ, “plant, garden”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Slavic *sadъ (“plant, garden”). Cognate with Upper Sorbian sad, Polish sad (“orchard”), Czech sad (“orchard”), Russian сад (sad, “orchard, garden”), Old Church Slavonic садъ (sadŭ, “plant, garden”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "inflection-table-top",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sad",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"form": "sada",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"form": "sadoju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"form": "sad",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"form": "sadom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"form": "saźe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "sad m inan",
"name": "dsb-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Lower Sorbian entries with incorrect language header",
"Lower Sorbian inanimate nouns",
"Lower Sorbian lemmas",
"Lower Sorbian masculine nouns",
"Lower Sorbian nouns",
"Lower Sorbian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Lower Sorbian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Pages with 21 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"dsb:Fruits"
],
"glosses": [
"fruit (food)"
],
"links": [
[
"fruit",
"fruit"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[sat]"
}
],
"word": "sad"
}
Download raw JSONL data for sad meaning in Lower Sorbian (2.5kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/328",
"msg": "TABLE not properly closed",
"path": [
"sad"
],
"section": "Lower Sorbian",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "sad",
"trace": "started on line 3, detected on line 28"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <div> not properly closed",
"path": [
"sad"
],
"section": "Lower Sorbian",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "sad",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 28"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </div>",
"path": [
"sad"
],
"section": "Lower Sorbian",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "sad",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "query_wikidata_json",
"msg": "WIKIDATA QUERY failed",
"path": [
"sad",
"Template:cog",
"#invoke",
"#invoke",
"Lua:Module:etymology/templates:cognate()"
],
"section": "Lower Sorbian",
"subsection": "",
"title": "sad",
"trace": "<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n<title>Wikimedia Error</title>\n<style>\n* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }\nbody { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }\n.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }\n.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }\nimg { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }\na img { border: 0; }\nh1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }\n.content-text { flex: 1; }\np { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }\na { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }\na:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\ncode { font-family: sans-serif; }\nsummary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }\ndetails[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }\n.text-muted { color: #777; }\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n a { color: #9e9eff; }\n body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }\n .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }\n #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }\n .text-muted { color: #888; }\n}\n</style>\n<meta name=\"color-scheme\" content=\"light dark\">\n<div class=\"content\" role=\"main\">\n<a href=\"https://www.wikimedia.org\"><img id=\"logo\" src=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png\" srcset=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x\" alt=\"Wikimedia\" width=\"135\" height=\"101\">\n</a>\n<div class=\"content-text\">\n<h1>Error</h1>\n\n<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"footer\"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class=\"text-muted\"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 36075595<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Wed, 26 Aug 2026 09:37:22 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>\n</div>\n</html>\n"
}
{
"called_from": "query_wikidata_json",
"msg": "WIKIDATA QUERY failed",
"path": [
"sad",
"Template:cog",
"#invoke",
"#invoke",
"Lua:Module:etymology/templates:cognate()"
],
"section": "Lower Sorbian",
"subsection": "",
"title": "sad",
"trace": "<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n<title>Wikimedia Error</title>\n<style>\n* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }\nbody { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }\n.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }\n.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }\nimg { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }\na img { border: 0; }\nh1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }\n.content-text { flex: 1; }\np { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }\na { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }\na:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\ncode { font-family: sans-serif; }\nsummary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }\ndetails[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }\n.text-muted { color: #777; }\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n a { color: #9e9eff; }\n body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }\n .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }\n #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }\n .text-muted { color: #888; }\n}\n</style>\n<meta name=\"color-scheme\" content=\"light dark\">\n<div class=\"content\" role=\"main\">\n<a href=\"https://www.wikimedia.org\"><img id=\"logo\" src=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png\" srcset=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x\" alt=\"Wikimedia\" width=\"135\" height=\"101\">\n</a>\n<div class=\"content-text\">\n<h1>Error</h1>\n\n<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"footer\"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class=\"text-muted\"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 60734033<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Wed, 26 Aug 2026 09:38:17 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>\n</div>\n</html>\n"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Lower Sorbian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-08-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-08-05 using wiktextract (872fc7b and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.